Portfolio

portfolio Crédits photos: -Michel Gottstein -Justine Viard -Léna Delalandre -Christophe Bouder -Mathieu Lion -Thibaut Bellière

RECHERCHES PHOTOGRAPHIQUES Un parking derrière une église. Une haie qui déborde sur un mur. Un portail entrouvert sur rien de particulier. Pas des paysages, pas des monuments, des espaces résiduels. Je photographie souvent des choses que je ne devrais pas photographier. Je ne sais pas toujours pourquoi je m’arrête. Avant que je n’aie le temps de comprendre, une intuition devance la pensée et fait image devant moi. Souvent, la photographie ne restitue pas vraiment ce que j’avais vu, c’est frustrant et c’est sûrement ce qui me fait continuer. Ce qui déclenche ces instincts et ce que je remarque, ce sont des frictions, pas un sujet. C’est la façon dont le construit et le vivant ne s’accordent jamais vraiment. Comment ils cohabitent et se débordent mutuellement. Ce sont des seuils, des espaces de solitude provisoire où une présence humaine est déduite, presque jamais montrée. Dans mes œuvres, je construis des dispositifs interrogeant ce que l’image fait au réel. Comment elle le colore, le déforme et le rend plausible ou suspect. Lorsque je photographie, je pars du réel pour chercher ce qui fait déjà image en lui. C’est ça que j’essaie de capturer, des instants qui semblent m’attendre, des compositions qui s’agencent d’elles-mêmes devant moi. Trop banals pour être beaux, trop précises pour être abstraites. Depuis l’enfance je m’interroge plus ou moins consciemment sur la façon dont se forment les souvenirs. Comment le cerveau choisit ce qui reste et ce qui disparaît ? J’ai souvent essayé de me dire : je me souviendrai toute ma vie de cet instant. C’est finalement plus de ces affirmations dont je me souviens, comme une rengaine, et rarement de ce qu’elles désignaient. Dans mon esprit, ces images sont aussi des traces de mon passage, mais pas comme des souvenirs, comme quelque chose de plus durable. Pas pour fixer le réel, mais pour laisser une empreinte de l’attention que je lui ai portée. Il y a là-dedans quelque chose de profondément lié à la question de la représentation. Celle des humains, mais aussi la mienne et de nos rapports. Je n’aime pas être vu en train de photographier. Pas par pudeur, mais par refus d’être assigné à une fonction. Le photographe désigne. Il dit : ça, c’est digne d’être regardé. Je ne veux pas tenir ce rôle. Je ne veux pas qu’on me croie en train de juger ce qui est beau, ce qui mérite d’exister en image. Il y a peut-être quelque chose d’anxieux dans cette façon de photographier — une méfiance visà-vis de ce qu’on voit, une attention aux marges, aux bords, à ce qui n’a pas encore été nommé. Quelque chose qui dépasse la photographie aussi : un rapport au monde un peu compliqué, une méfiance envers ma propre position dans l’espace public, envers ce que je représente quand je regarde, ce que ça fait à l’autre. Je ne cherche pas forcément la belle image. Je cherche l’endroit où le regard accroche sans savoir pourquoi.

LES 104 SIGNES. CADRAN Typographie 2026 6 AMKPO 5 4 3 7 1 8 ]LJBT XPÎÉT :+[¶Y 0 9 10 2 15 11 12 13 Avant de s’appeler photographie, l’image fixée par la lumière s’est appelée héliographie, « écriture du soleil », le nom choisi par Niépce. Le mot photographie, « écriture par la lumière », est attribué à l’astronome John Herschel en 1839. Dès l’origine, la photographie se pense donc comme une écriture. Le cadran solaire est l’autre grande écriture du soleil, une ombre qui se déplace et que l’on lit comme une heure. Ma police fait le chemin inverse. Elle prend la forme d’un instrument de mesure du temps et en fait un alphabet. Chaque lettre est une heure arrêtée, deux aiguilles figées dans une position, une phase d’un mouvement circulaire découpé en seize positions. Écrire un mot revient à aligner des lignes et des couleurs, ce que fait précisément une photographie lorsqu’elle extrait une position d’un mouvement continu pour la fixer. La couleur en photographie est elle aussi née d’une superposition. En 1868, Louis Ducos du Hauron brevète la trichromie, qui reconstitue une image en couleurs à partir de trois couches par synthèse soustractive, ancêtre direct du cyan, magenta et jaune de l’imprimerie. Mon dispositif retourne ce principe. La trichromie sépare une image en trois pour la recomposer fidèlement. Je superpose trois textes distincts, et leur addition ne recompose rien de lisible. Elle produit une trame, une image. À mesure que les couches s’accumulent, la lecture recule et la vision prend le dessus. Le texte cesse d’être lu pour être vu. C’est un seuil que la photographie connaît bien, celui où un signal devient une image. Chaque lettre de cette police est formée de deux barres qui partent du centre d’un carré, comme les aiguilles d’un cadran, sur seize positions espacées de 22,5°. Dans le développement en cours, trois textes se superposent sur une même feuille, en cyan, magenta et jaune. Que devient un texte d’archive lorsqu’il est traité comme une image plutôt que comme un document ? À partir de combien de couches un texte cesse-t-il d’être lisible, et ce seuil est-il le même pour tout le monde ? Un alphabet fondé sur le temps peut-il porter la mémoire d’un lieu, comme une ombre porte l’heure ? 14 ABCDEFGHIJKLM NOPQRSTUVWXYZ 0123456789ÀÂÄ ÇÉÈÊËÎÏÔÖÙÛÜŸ ÑÆŒß.,;:!?'"( )[]{}«»‹›-–—_ /\|@#&*+=<>~^ °§¶•…†‡€$£¥%‰ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 À Â Ä Ç É È Ê Ë Î Ï Ô Ö Ù Û Ü Ÿ Ñ Æ Œ ß . , ; : ! ? ' " ( ) [ ] { } « » ‹ › - – — _ / \ | @ # & * + = < > ~ ^ ° § ¶ • … † ‡ € $ £ ¥ % ‰ les trois encres = noir cyan + magenta = bleu "LÎJ-~ F{A¥OG G†BHUW magenta + jaune = rouge cyan + jaune = vert

Mozilla GNU GENERAL Free Public Documentation PUBLIC License LICENSE License Version Version Version 2.0 3, 29 ================================== 1.3, June 3 November 2007 Copyright 2008 Copyright (C) 2007 1. Free (C) Definitions 2000, Software 2001, Foundation, -------------2002, 2007, Inc. 2008 1.1. <https://fsf Free "Contrib Softw .org/> are utor" Foundation, means Everyone eachInc. is individual permitted <https://fsf.org/> or tolegal copy entity andEveryone distribute that creates, is permitted verbatim contributes copies to copy ofto and this the distribute license creation document, verbatim of, or owns but Covered copies changing of this Softwar itlice is not1.2. nse e. allowed. document, "Contributor Preamble but changing Version" The GNU it means General is notthe allowed. Public combination License 0. PREAMBLE of isthe a The free, Contributions purpose copyleft of of license this others License for (if software is any) to used make andby aother manual, a Contributor kinds textbo of works. ok, andor that Theparticular other licenses functional for Contributor's mostuseful and software document Contribution. and other "free" practical 1.3. in "Contribution" the sense works of arefreedom: designed means Covered to toassure take Software away everyone your of a freedom the particular effective to share Contr free a nd change dom ibutor. to copy 1.4. the and "Covered works. redistribute By Software" contrast, it,means with the Source GNUwithout or General Codemodifying Public Form toLicense which it, either the is initial intended commercially Contributor to guarantee or noncommercially. has your attached freedom the tonotice Secondaril share i a ndExhibit y, n change this License allthe A, versions preserves Executable of for a Form program--to theof author suchmake and publisher Source sure Code it Form, remains a way and free to Modifications get software credit for oftheir all such its work, Source users. while Code We,Form, not thebeing Free in each Softwa consid ca re including ered se Foundation, responsible portions use for the modifications thereof. GNU General 1.5.made Public "Incompatible byLicense others.With for This most Secondary License of our is Licenses" software; a kind of means it "copyleft", applies (a) that also which the toinitial any other means that Contributor work derivat rel eased ive hasworks attached thisof way the the bydocument its authors. notice described must themselves You in canExhibit apply be free it B toin your the the Covered programs, same sense. Software; too. ItWhen complements or (b) we speak thatthe of GNU the free Covered General software, Software Public we was are Licens ref mad erring e, e available which tois freedom, a copyleft under the notterms price. license ofOur designed version General 1.1 for Public or free earlier Licenses software. of the are WeLicense, designed have designed but to not make this also sure License under that the youorder in have to terms the ofuse freedom a Secondary it for tom distribute anuals License. for1.6. copies free "Executable software, of free because software Form" means free (andany software charge formfor needs of them the free work if documentation: you other wish), thanthat Source ayou free Code receive program Form. source should 1.7. code "Larger come orwith can manuals Work" get means it if providing a you want work that the it, combines same thatfreedoms you Covered can that change Software the the software with software other does. or material, use Butpieces this inLicense ofseparate a it in isnew not file free limited orprograms, files, to software that andis that manuals; not you Covered know it Soft you can canused be ware. do1.8. these for"License" any things. textual To work, means protect this regardless your rights, document. of 1.9. subject we"Licensable" needmatter to prevent or means whether others having it from is published the denying right to you asthese grant, a printed to rights thebook. maximum or asking We exten recom yo u possible, mend t to this surrender License whether theprincipally rights. at the time Therefore, for ofworks theyou initial whose havepurpose certain grant or is responsibilities subsequently, instruction or any ifand reference. youall distribute of 1.the APPLICABILITY rights copiesconveyed of AND the DEFINITIO software, by this NS License. orThis if you License 1.10. modify "Modifications" applies it: responsibilities to any means manualany or toof other respect thework, following: thein freedom any(a) medium, of any others. file thatin For contains Source example, a notice Code if Form you placed that distribute results by thecopies copyrigh from an of tsuch addition holder a program, saying to, deletion it whether canfrom, begratis distributed or modification or forunder a fee, the of you the terms must contents of pass this onLicense. of to the recipients Covered Such a notice Software; the(b) or same grants any freedoms a world-wide, new file that in Source you royalty recei Co ved. -free de Form You license, that mustcontains make unlimited sure any that in Covered duration, they,Software. too, toreceive use1.11. that or"Patent work can under getClaims" the the source conditions of acode. Contributor And youmeans stated herein. must any show The patent them "Document", these claim(s), terms below, inc so luding they know refers without to any their such limitation, rights. manual Developers or work.process, method, thatmember Any useand the of apparatus GNU theGPL public protect claims, is ayour licensee, in any rights patent and with istwo Licensable addressed steps: byas (1) such "you". assert Contributor You copyright accept th at onwould the the license software, be infringed, if you and copy, (2) butmodify offer for the you orgrant this of distribute License thethe License, giving work in you byathe legal waymaking, requiring permission using, permission toselling, copy, under distribute offering copyright and/or for sale, law. modify A "Mod having it .made, ified For Version" the import, developers' of transfer or the Document and authors' of either means protection, any Contributions its work containing the GPL or clearly the itsDocument Contributor explains orthat aVersion. portion there 1.12. is it, of no "Secondary warranty either copied for License" this verbatim, free mean s oftware. s or either with the For GNU modifications bothGeneral users' and/or and authors' Public translated License, sake, into Version the another GPL 2.0, requires language. the GNUthat Lesser A "Secondary modified General versions Section" Public beis License, marked a named Version as appendix changed, 2.1, the so a or that GNU fr ont-matter their problems Affero General section will Public ofnot the License, be Document attributed Version thaterroneously dealsor 3.0, exclusively anyto later authors withof versions the previous relationship of those versions. licenses. of the Some 1.13. publishers devices "Source are orCode designed authors Form" of to me t deny he ans Document the users form access to ofthe the to Document's work install preferred or overall runfor modified subject makingversions (or to related modifications. of the 1.14. software matters) "You" inside and (or contains them, nothing "Your") although means an that the individual manufacturer could fall ordirect acan leg do entity ly al so. This within that exercising is overall fundamentally rights subject. under incompatible (Thus, this License. if the withDocument the Foraim legal of entities, is protecting in part a "You" textbook users' includes freedom of mathematics, any to entity changeathat the Secondary software. controls, Section The is c s ystematic may ontrolled not explain pattern by, orany is ofunder mathematics.) such common abuse occurs control The relationship inwith the You. area For of products could purposes be a matter for of this individuals of definition, historical to use, connection "control" which is with means precisely the (a)subject the where power or i twith , is most direct related or unacceptable. indirect, matters,to or Therefore, cause of legal, the direction we commercial, have designed or management philosophical, this version of such ethical ofentity, theor GPL political whether to prohibit by position contract the practice regarding or otherwise, for them. those The or pr ( oducts. "Invariant b) ownership If Sections" such of more problems are certain than arise fiftysubstantially percent Secondary (50%) Sections in ofother thewhose outstanding domains, titles weshares are stand designated, ready or beneficial to as extend being ownership this those provision of such Invariant to entity. those Sect d 2 omains ions, . License in inthe future Grants notice versions and that Conditions says of the that -------------------------------GPL, theas Document needed is to released protect the under freedom 2.1. thisGrants of users. License. Each If Finally, Contributor a section every does hereby program notgrants fit isthe threat You abo a ened ve world-wide, definition constantly royalty-free, ofby Secondary softwarenon-exclusive then patents. it isStates notlicense: allowed should(a) to not be under allow designated intellectual patents asto Invariant. restrict propertyThe development rights Document (other and may than use contain of software patent zero or tr In on general-purpose variant ademark) Sections. Licensable If computers, by the such Document Contributor but does in those not to use, that reproduce, identify do, any we wish Invariant make to avoid available, Sections the special then there modify, danger display, are that none. perform, patents The "Cover applied distribute, Texts" to a and free are otherwise certain programshort couldpassages exploit make itsit Contributions, effectively of text thatproprietary. are listed, either on anas To unmodified prevent this, Front-Cover basis, Texts the with GPLModifications, or Back-Cover assures that Texts, patents or as in part the cannot notice of a beLarge used that rsays to Work; render that andthe (b)Document program under Patent non-free. is released Claims Theof under precise such this Contributor terms License. and conditions A Front-Cover to make, use, for sell, copying, Text may offer distribution be at most for sale, 5 have and modification words, made, and import, a Back-Cov foll an ow. er d otherwise Text TERMS may AND beCONDITIONS transfer at most either 250. words. Definitions. its Contributions A "Transparent" "Thisor License" copyContributor its ofrefers the Document toVersion. version means 3 a 2.2. ofmachine-readable the GNU General Effective Date The Public copy, licenses represented License. grante "C opyright" in d in a Section format also whose 2.1 means with specification copyright-like respect tois any available laws Contribution thatto apply the become to other general effective public, kinds for of that works, each is Contribution suitable such as for semiconductor revising on the date the masks. the document Contribu "The st Pr ogram" raightforwardly tor first refers distributes towith any generic copyrightable such Contribution. text editors work licensed 2.3. or (for Limitations under images this composed onLicense. Grantof Scope EachThe pixels) licensee generic licenses ispaint addressed granted programs inas this "you". orSection (for "Licens drawi 2 a ees" ngs) re the and some only "recipients" widely rights available granted may be drawing under individuals this editor, License. orand organizations. that No additional is suitable Torights "modify" for or input a work licenses to text means will formatters to becopy implied from or from for or automatic adapt the distribu all tra or part or nslation tion of licensing the to a work variety in ofaCovered fashion of formats Software requiring suitable under copyright for this input License. permission, to text Notwithstanding formatters. other thanAthe copy Section making made 2.1(b) of anabove, in exact no otherwise copy. patent Transparent The license resulti f ng ile iswork format granted is whose called by a Contributor: markup, a "modified or absence version" (a) for ofany of code markup, the earlier has been that a Contributor work arranged or a work to has thwart "based removed or on" discourage from theCovered earlier subsequent Software; work. A modification "covered or (b) for work i " means by nfringements readers either iscaused not theTransparent. unmodified by: (i) Your Program Anand image any orformat a workthird other is based notparty's on the modifications Transparent Program. if used To "propagate" for of Covered any substantial aSoftware, work means amount orto (ii) do the of anything text. combi A c withthat opy nation itof that, is its not without Contributions "Transparent" permission, with is other called wouldsoftware make you(except "Opaque". directly Examples asor ofsecondarily part suitable of its Contributor formats liablefor forVersion); Transparent infringement orcopies (c) under under include applicable Patent pla in Claims copyright ASCII infringed without law, except markup, by Covered executing Texinfo Software it on input informat, athe computer absence LaTeX orof modifying input its Contributions. format, a private SGML or copy. This XML License Propagation using a does publicly includes not grant available copying, any rights DTD, dist an ribution d in standard-conforming the trademarks, (with or without service simple modification), marks, HTML,or PostScript logos making of any oravailable PDF Contributor designed to the forpublic, (except human asmodification. and be may in necessary some countries Examples to comply other of transparent with activities the noti ima a s well. ge ce formats requirements To include "convey" in Section PNG, a work XCF3.4). means and JPG. any Opaque 2.4. kind Subsequent offormats propagation Licenses include that Noproprietary Contributor enables other formats makes parties additional thatto can make be grants or receive read andaedited as result copies. only ofMe Y re proprietary by our interaction choice to distribute with processors, word a user the through Covered SGML a Software computer or XML for network, under which a subsequent the with DTD noand/or transfer version processing of ofathis copy, tools License is are not(see conveying. not generally Section An 10.2) interacti available or un veand , der user the the interface terms machine-generated of adisplays Secondary "Appropriate HTML, License PostScript (ifLegal permitted or Notices" PDFunder produced tothe theterms by extent some ofword that Section it includes processors 3.3). 2.5. for a convenient output purposes Representation and prominentl Each only. Cont Th y "Title e ributor visible represents Page" feature means, that that for (1) the adisplays printed book, Contributor an appropriate believes the title its copyright page Contributions itself, notice, plus are and such its (2) following original tells the creation(s) pages useras that are or there needed it has isto nohold, suffici warr anty ent legibly, rights for the the towork material grant (except thethis rights toLicense the toextent its requires Contributions that to warranties appear conveyed in are the provided), by title thispage. License. that For licensees worksFair 2.6. inmay formats Use convey This which the do License work not is under havei not t his title any ntended License, topage limit and asany how such, to "Title rights viewYou a Page" copy haveof means under thisapplicable the License. text near If copyright the theinterface most doctrines prominent presents ofappearance fair a list use,of ofuser fair the dealing, commands work's title, or or other options prece equ , such ding ivalents. the asbeginning a menu, 2.7. Conditions aof prominent the Sections bodyitem of the in text. 3.1, the 3.2, list The 3.3, meets "publisher" andthis 3.4 are criterion. means conditions any1. person Source of the orCode. entity licenses The that "source granted distributes code" in Section for copies a2.1. work of 3. means the Responsibilities Document the preferred to the------------------form of A public. the section work for "Entitled 3.1. making Distribution modifications XYZ" means ofaSource named to it. subunit Form "Object Allof distribution code" the Document means of any whose Covered non-source title Software either form in of is aprecisely Source work.Code A "Standard XYZ Form, or including contains Interface" XYZ anyin means Modifications parentheses an interface following that that You create either text that is to or an translates official which YouXYZ standard contribute, in another defined must language. by beaunder recognized (Here the terms XYZ sta s ndards tands of this for body, License. a specific or, in You the section must case inform of interfaces name mentionedspecified recipients below, that the such for Source as a "Acknowledgements", particular Code Formprogramming of the Covered "Dedications", language, Software one "Endorsements", is that governed is widely by the or us ed "History".) terms among ofdevelopers this To License, "Preserve working and thehow in Title" that theyof language. can such obtain a section The a copy "System when of this Libraries" you License. modifyof the anDocument You executable may notmeans attempt work that include toit alter remains anything, or restrict a sectio othe r "Entitled n the than recipients' the work XYZ"rights as according a whole, in the to that this Source (a) definition. is included Code Form.The 3.2. inDocument the Distribution normal mayform include ofof Executable packaging WarrantyForm a Major Disclaimers If You Component, distribute next tobut the Covered which notice is So w not part hich ftware states inof Executable that this Major Form License Component, then: applies (a) and such (b)Covered to the serves Document. only to Software These enable must Warranty also use be ofDisclaimers the work made available with arethat considered in Source Major Code Component, to be Form, included or des as tob implement y cribed reference in Section a in Standard this 3.1, License, Interface and You but for must only which inform as regards anrecipients implementation disclaiming of the isExecutable warranties: available Form to any the other how public they implication in source can obtain that code a copy these form. ofWarrant A "Maj such S orDisclaimers y ource Component", Code Form may in byhave this reasonable context, is voidmeans and means has inaa no major timely effect essential manner, on the at component meaning a charge of(kernel, this no more License. window than the 2. system, VERBATIM cost of anddistribution COPYING so on) You of the may tospeci copy the fic recipient; andoperating distribute andsystem (b) theYou Document (if may any) distribute in onany which medium, such the Executable executable either commercially work under Form runs,or ornoncommercially, the aterms compiler of this usedLicense, to produce provided or that thethis sublicense work, License, or itan unde ob t ject he r different copyright code interpreter terms, notices, provided usedthe and to that runthe license it.license The "Corresponding notice saying for thethis Executable Source"Form License for does applies a work to not inattempt the object Document code to are limit form reproduced or means alter all inthe the all recip sou co rce code pies, ients' and rights needed thatin you to the generate, add Source no other Code install, conditions Form under and (for whatsoever this anLicense. executable to those 3.3. work) of this Distribution run License. the object of aYou Larger code mayand notto Work use You modify technical may create the work, measure andin d cluding s istribute to obstruct scripts a Larger orto control control Work under the those reading terms activities. of orYour further choice, However, copying provided itof does the that not copies include You you make also the comply work's or with distribute. System the requirements Libraries, However, you or ofgeneral may ac this L -purpose cept icense compensation for tools the Covered or in generally exchange Software. available forIf copies. the free Larger If programs you Work distribute which is a combination are a large used unmodified enough of Covered number inSoftware performing of copies with those you a work must activities also follow governed but by which the one conditions or are more not Secondary part in section of Licenses, the 3. work. Youand For maythe example, also Covered lend Corresponding copies, Software under isSource not theIncompatible same includes conditions interface Withstated Secondary definition above, Licenses, and files youthis associated may Licens public with ly e permits display source You copies. files to additionally for 3. COPYING the work, INand distribute QUANTITY the source such If you Covered code publish for Software shared printed libraries under copies the(or andcopies terms dynamically of such in media Secondary linked thatsubprograms commonly have License(s), that sopr t the the inted hat work covers) recipient is specifically of the of the Document, designed Larger numbering Work to may, require, more at their such option, than as byand 100, intimate further the Document's data distribute communication license the Covered notice or control requires Software flow Cover under between Texts, the thos term y e of ou s subprograms must either enclose this and the License other copies parts orin such of Secondary covers the that work.carry, The Corresponding License(s). clearly 3.4. andNotices Source You legibly, need all may not these not include Coveranything remove Texts: or alter Front-Cover that theusers substance can rege Texts of on nerate any thelicense front automatically cover, notices and (including from Back-Cover othercopyright parts Textsof onnotices, the theCorresponding backpatent cover.notices, Both Source. covers disclaimers Themust Corresponding also ofclearly warranty, Source andor for legibly limitations a work identify in of source you liab code as ility) the form publisher contained is thatwithin of same these work. the copies. Source 2. Basic The Code Permissions. front Formcover of the must All Covered rights present Software, granted the full under except title this that with License You allmay words are alter granted of the license any title for the equally notic term es ofto prominent copyright the extent andon visible. the Program, required You tomay remedy and add are other known irrevocable materialinaccuracies. factual provided on the covers the stated 3.5. in addition. Application conditions Copying areAdditional of met. withThis changes License Terms limited You explicitly may tochoo the se affirms covers, to offer, your as long and unlimited as charge to theypermission preserve a fee for, the to warranty, run the title ofunmodified the support, Document Program. indemnity and satisfy The or liability output thesefrom conditions, obligations running can a to covered be one treated or work more isrecipi as cover verba ed by tim ents copying of this Covered License in other Software. only respects. ifHowever, the If output, the Yourequired given may doits so texts content, only for on Your either constitutes own cover behalf, a covered are too not and voluminous work. on behalf This toLicense fitany of legibly, acknowledges Contributor. you shou y Y ourmust ld ou put rights the make ofit first fair absolutely ones uselisted or other clear (asequivalent, many any that as fit such as reasonably) provided by warranty, oncopyright support, the actual indemnity, law. cover, Youor may and liability make, run continue obligation the andrest propagate onto is offered adjacent covered b ypages. works You alone, that If you you and publish do You not hereby convey, or distribute agree without to indemnify Opaque conditions copies every so ofContributor long the Document as yourfor license numbering any liability otherwise more than incurred remains 100, by in such you force. mustContributor either You may inclu con a vey de s aaresult covered machine-readable of works warranty, to others Transparent support, for the indemnity copy sole along purpose orwith liability of each having Opaque terms them copy, You make offer. or modifications state You may in or include exclusively with each additional Opaque for you, copyor disclaimers a comput provid o e warranty er-network f you with and facilities location limitations from forwhich running of liability thethose general works, specific network-using provided to any jurisdiction. that public youhas comply access 4.with Inability tothe download terms to Comply of this using public-standard Due License to Statute in conveyi or netw Re ng all ork gulation protocols material --------------------------------------------------a complete for whichTransparent you do not copy control of the copyright. Document, Those free If thus of is it making added impossible material. or running for IfYou the youto covered use comply theworks latter withfor any option, you of th mu stterms you e do must soof exclusively take this reasonably License on with your prudent behalf, respect steps, under to when some your youall or direction begin of the distribution and Covered control, Software of Opaque on terms due copies that to statute, prohibit in quantity, judicial themto from ensure order, making that or an re y copies this gulation Transparent of your then Youcopy copyrighted must: will (a)remain comply material thus with outside accessible the terms their atrelationship of the stated this License location with to the you. until maximum Conveying atextent least under oneany possible; year other after andcircumstance (b) thedescrib last t s the ime e isyou permitted limitations distribute solely and an the under Opaque code the copy they conditions (directly affect.stated or through Such description below. your Sublicensing agents must be orplaced is notin retailers) allowed; a text of that section file edition included 10 to makes theit with public. all unneces dist I sary. t ributions is requested, 3. Protecting of thebut Covered Users' not required, Software Legal Rights that you under From this contact Anti-Circumvention License. theExcept authors toof Law. the the extent No Document covered prohibited well workbefore shall by statute be deemed redistributing or regulation, part any of an lar e s ffective ge uch number description technological of copies, must be tomeasure give them sufficiently under a chance any applicable detailed to for provide a recipient law you fulfilling withof anordinary updated obligations version skill under toof bethe article able Document. to11 understand of 4. theMODIFICATIO WIPO it.copyr 5. T ight NS ermination You treaty may -------------copy adopted and distribute on 20 5.1. December a Modified The 1996, or rights Version granted similar oflaws under thethis prohibiting Document License under or the will restricting terminate conditions circumvention automatically of sectionsif of 2 You suchfail and 3measure above, to s. comply provided Whenwith you that convey any you of its a covered release terms. the work, However, Modified you if waive Version Youany become under legal compliant, precisely power to then forbid this License, the circumvention rights with granted the ofModified technological under this Version License measures filling fromto t a he the particular role extent of the such Contributor Document, circumvention are thus reinstated licensing is effected (a) distribution by exercising provisionally, and modification rights unlessunder and until this of the License such Modified Contributor with Version respect explicitly toto whoever the and covered possesse finall wo rk, s y a copy terminates and you of it. disclaim Your Ingrants, addition, any intention andyou (b)must on toan limit do ongoing these operation things basis,in or ifthe modification such Modified Contributor of the Version: fails work A.to asnotify Use ain means the You ofof Title enforcing, the Page non-complia (and agains on t t the he nce covers, bywork's someif reasonable users, any) ayour title means ordistinct third priorparties' to from 60 days that legal of the after rights You Document, to forbid have come andback circumvention frominto those compliance. ofof previous technological Moreover, versions measures. Your (which grants should, 4. fro Con veying m if a particular there Verbatim were Contributor any, Copies. be listed Youare may in reinstated convey the History verbatim on an section copies ongoing ofof the basis the Document). Program's if such Contributor You source may use code notifies the as same you You receive title of the as it, anon-complia in any med previous v ium,by ersion nce provided if the some reasonable that you means, original conspicuously publisher this ofis that and theversion appropriately first time gives You publish permission. have received on each B. List copyon notice anof the appropriate non-compliance Title Page, copyright aswith authors, notice; this onekeep License or more intact from persons such allContributor, notices or entities stating and responsible thatbecome You thisfor License compliant authorship andprior any ofnon-permissive the30 to modifications days after terms Your inadded the receipt Modified in accord of the Version, with notice. section together 5.2.7If apply with You i t a o least t nitiate the code; fivekeep litigation of the intact against principal allany notices authors entity ofby of the the asserting absence Document ofpatent a any warranty; (all of infringement its principal and give claim authors, all (excluding recipients if itdeclaratory has a copy fewer ofthan thisfive), judgment Licens ac e alongcounter-claims, unless tions, they withrelease the Program. youand from You cross-claims) this may requirement. charge alleging any price C. that State or no aon price Contributor the Title for each page Version copy thedirectly that nameyou of or convey, the indirectly publisher and you ofmay infringes theoffer Modifi any s upport ed patent, Version, orthen warranty asthe therights protection publisher. granted forto D. Preserve a You fee.by 5. all any Conveying the andcopyright allModified Contributors notices Source ofVersions. for the theDocument. Covered You Software may E. Add convey an under a work appropriate Section based2.1 copyri on of th ethis ght Program, notice License or shall for the your modifications modifications terminate. 5.3. toadjacent produce In the event it the to from of other the termination Program, copyright innotices. under theSections formF. ofInclude, source 5.1 or 5.2 code immediately above, under all the after terms end the user ofcopy sec lic tion agreements right ense 4, notices, provided a(excluding that younotice license also distributors meet giving allthe of public and these resellers) conditions: permission which have a) use to The been work the validly Modified must carry granted Version prominent byunder You or notices the Your terms stating distributor of this tha t under License, s you modified this in the License it, form and shown prior giving in termination to a relevant the Addendum date. shall below. b) survive ThePreserve G. work termination. must incarry that******************************************** prominent license notice notices thestating full lists thatof itInvariant is releas ed under and Sections **************************** thisrequired License Cover and any Texts *conditions * *given 6. Disclaimer in added the Document's under of Warranty section license 7.*This * ------------------------notice. requirement H. Include modifies an unaltered the * *requirement * *copy Covered of this in Softwa sect Li ionis cense. re 4 provided to I."keep Preserve intact under the this all section notices". License Entitled onc) anYou "History", "as must is" * license *Preserve basis, thewithout entire its Title, work, warranty and asadd a whole, of to it any kind, under an item either this stating License expressed, at least to implie anyone the d, who title, orcomes * * year, statutory, into new possession authors, including, of apublisher and copy. This without limitation, ofLicense the Modified will warranties therefore Version that as apply, given the *along onCovered * the with Title anyPage. Software applicable If free is there section of isdefects, no7secti addi tional on merchantable, Entitled terms, "History" to the fit forwhole in*the a *of particular Document, the work,purpose create and all one or its stating non-infringing. parts,the regardless title, Theyear, of how entire authors, they as risk are and to packaged. publisher the * * quality This of the License and Document perfo give sas rmance nogiven permission of the on its Covered to Title license Software Page, the then work is add with inan any You. item other * * describing Should way, but any the it Covered does not Modified Software invalidate Version prove as stated such defective permission in the in any previous ifrespect, you sentence. haveYou sepa * rately J.(not * Preserve received any Contributor) theit. network d) Ifassume location, the work theif has cost any, interactive ofgiven any necessary inuser the Document interfaces, servicing, foreach public * * repair, must access display orto correction. Appropriate a Transparent This Legal copy disclaimer Notices; of the o D however, ocument, f warranty ifconstitutes and the likewise Program the an has network * interactive * essential locations interfaces part given of this in that thedo License. Document notNo display use forof previous Appropriate any Covered versions Legal Software it Notices, was isbased * * your authorized on. work These need ma un not y der bethis make placed them License indo the so. except "History" A compilation undersection. this disclaimer. of You a covered may omit *work * * a ************************************************************ with other network location separate forand a work independent that wasworks, published which atare least notfour by their ************ yearsnature before************************************************************************ extensions the Document of itself, the covered or if work, the original and whichpublisher are not combined of the version with itit such refers as * * to to *form gives 7. Limitation a permission. larger program, of Liab K. For ility in any or*on section * a volume -------------------------Entitled of a storage "Acknowledgements" or distribution * * * *or Under "Dedications", medium, no circumstances is called Preserve anand "aggregate" the under Title no legal if thetheory, of compilation section, whether andand preserve tort its * resul in( * tingsection the including copyright negligence), allare thenot substance used toand contract, limit or tone otherwise, the ofaccess each shall of orthe legal any contributor rights * * Contributor, ofacknowledgements the compilation's or anyoneand/or who users distributes dedications beyond what Covered given the indivi there Softw dualas in. are L. works Preserve * * permitted permit. allInclusion the above, Invariant be ofliable a Sections covered to You work offor the inany an direct, Document, aggregate unaltered indirect, does not in *cause their * special, this textLicense and in their incidental, to apply or titles. consequential to the Section other parts ofof numbers damages or the the any aggregate. equivalent character 6. *are Conveying * including, not considered Non-Source without part Forms. limitation, of the You section may damages convey titles. for a lost covered M. Delete profits, work any in loss section object of *Entitled code * goodwill, form"Endorsem under work th e termsSuch ents". stoppage, ofcomputer sections a section failure 4 may and not 5, orprovided be included malfunction, thatin you or the any also Modified * * convey and all Version. theother machine-readable N. commercial Do not retitle damages Corresponding any orexisting losses, Source section even under if such to the bepa te E rms * ntitled rty of*this "Endorsements" shall License, have been inor one informed toof conflict these of the ways: inpossibility title a) Convey with of any the such Invariant object damages. code Section. in, or This *O. embodied * Preserve limitation in, any a Warranty of physical liability product Disclaimers. shall not (incl a uding If pply the to aModified physicalVersion liability distribution for death includes ormedium), * * new personal front-matter accompanied injurysections by the Corresponding resulting orfrom appendices such party's Source that qualify fixed on negligence asaSecondary durable to the *physical Sections * extentmedium and c appli ontain cable customarily law no prohibits material used for copied such software limitation. from the interchange. Document, Some * * b) you jurisdictions Convey may at the your object do option not code allow designate in,the or exclusion embodied some or all in, or limitation a physical of these sections product of * * incid as (inc in ludingor variant. ental a consequential physical To do this, distribution add damages, their titles medium), so this toexclusion accompanied the list and ofby Invariant *a*written limitation Sections offer, mayin valid not the apply for Modified at toleast You. Version's three * * * **************** years license andnotice. valid for ******************************************************** These as titles long asmust you be offer distinct spare from partsany or other customer section support titles. forLitigation 8. that You may product add ------------model, a section to Entitled give Any litigation anyone "Endorsements", who relating possessesto prov the t ided his object License it contains codemay either be nothing brought (1) abut copy only endorsements of inthe theCorresponding courts of your of aModified jurisdiction Source Version for all where thethe by various software defendant parties--for in the maintains product example, its that principal is covered statements place by of this peer of business License, review oron and that such a durable the litigation text physical hasshall been medium approved be governed customarily by by an laws organization used offor that software as the authoritative jurisdiction, interchange, without for definition reference a price to no its of more a standard. conflic than y our t-of-law Youreasonable may provisions. add a passage cost of Nothing physically of up in to this five performing words asshall Section this a Front-Cover conveying prevent aText, of party's source, andability aor passage (2)to access of upto bring tocopy cross-claims 25 words the Corresponding as oracounter-cla Back-Cover So urce ims. Text, from 9. to Miscellaneous a network the end ofserver the ---------------list at of no Cover charge. Texts This c) License Convey in theindividual Modified Version. represents copies the complete of Only theone object agreement passage code concerning of with Front-Cover a copy theof subject Text the and writte matt on n of e er offer hereof. Back-Cover to If provide any Text provision the may Corresponding be of added this byLicense Source. (or through is This held arrangements alternative to be unenforceable, is allowed made by) any only such oneprovision occasionally entity. If shall the andbe Document noncommercially, reformed already only to in a nd cludes the only extent aif cover you necessary received text for tothe make object same it enforceable. cover, code previously with such Any law an added offer, or regulation by you in accord or by which withprovides arrangement subsection made that 6b. by the d)language the Convey same entity the of a object you are contrac co de t acting shall by offering on construed be behalf access of,against frommay you a the designated notdrafter add another; place shall(gratis but be not youused or may for replace to aconstrue charge), the this old andone, offer License onequivalent explicit against a permission access Contributor. to from the 10. Corres theVe p pondingof revious rsions Source publisher the License in that the --------------------------same added way the through old one. theThe same author(s) place 10.1. atNew and no Versions further charge. publisher(s) Mozilla of the You Foundation need notis Document require do the notlicense by recipients thissteward. License to co g E py the ive xcept permission as Corresponding provided to in useSection Source their names along 10.3,for with no one publicity theother object for than code. or the to If license assert the place or imply steward to copy has endorsement the right object of to code any modify is aor Modified network publish Version. server, new5. v ersions the Corresponding COMBINING of this DOCUMENTS License. Source You Each may maycombine be on athe version different will Document be given server with a distinguishing (operated other documents by you version released or a number. third under party) 10.2. thisthat License, Effect supports ofunder Newequivalen Versions the ter tYou ms copying defined may distribute facilities, in section the provided 4 above for Covered you Software modified maintain under versions, clear thedirections terms provided of the next that version to you the include of object the License in code thesaying combination underwhere whichall to You find of originally the theInva Cor responding riant received Sections the Source. Covered of all Regardless of the original Software, ofor what under server documents, the terms hosts unmodified, theany of Corresponding subsequent and listversion Source, them all you published asremain Invariant by obligated the Sections license to of ensure steward. yourthat comb 10 it is ined .3. Modified work available in Versions itsfor license asIf long notice, you as create needed andsoftware that to satisfy younot preserve these all governed requirements. by their thisWarranty License, e) Convey Disclaimers. and you the want object The tocode combined create using a new work peer-to-peer license need onl f ytransmission, or contain such software, one copy provided you of may this you create License, inform and other and usemultiple peers a modified where identical version the object Invariant of this codeLicense and Corresponding Sections ifmay yoube rename replaced Source the license of the with a single work and remove are copy. bei ng any Ifoffered there are references to multiple the to the general name Invariant public of theSections at license no charge withunder steward the(except same subsection name to note but 6d. different that A separable suchcontents, modified portion make license of thediffers objectof title code, from each this whose such Li source code section cense). unique 10.4. isDistributing excluded by addingfrom atSource the theend Corresponding Code of Form it, in that parentheses, Source is Incompatible as a the System name With Library, ofSecondary the original need Licenses not author be included Ifor You publisher in conveying choose to ofdistrib that thes object ection ute Source code if known, Code work. Form or A else "User thatais Product" unique Incompatible number. is either Make With (1) the Secondary a same "consumer adjustment Licenses product", under to the which the section terms meansof titles any this tangible in version the list personal of the of Invariant property License, which Sections the notice is in normally described the license used infor notice Exhibit personal, of B of thethis family, combined License orwork. household must Inbe the purposes, attached. combination, or (2) Exhibit you anything Amust - Source combine designed Code any Form or sections sold License for Entitled incorpo Notice ration into "History" ------------------------------------------inathe dwelling. variousIn original determining documents, whether This forming a Source product oneCode is aForm section consumer Entitled is subject product, "History"; to the doubtful terms likewise cases of the combine shall Mozilla be any resolved Public section L inEntitled s icense, favorv. of2.0. "Acknowledgements", coverage. If a copy For of a particular the and MPL any was product sections not distributed received Entitledby "Dedications". with a particular this file,You user, Youmust can "normally delete one obtain used" all sections at refers http://mozilla.org to a typical Entitled "En dorsements". /MPL/2.0/. or common If use 6. it of COLLECTIONS is that notclass possible OF ofDOCUMENTS product, or desirable regardless You may to put make of the athe collection notice status inof consisting a the particular particular offile, theuser Document then orYou ofand theother may way in include documents which the no t he tice released particular in a location under user this actually (such License, as a uses, and replace LICENSE or expects filethe inor individual a is expected relevant copies directory) to use, of this the License where product. a recipient in A the product would various is bealikely documents consumer to look product with a s for regardless ingle such a copy notice. of whether that is included You may the add product in thehas additional collection, substantial accurateprovided notices commercial, that of copyright you industrial follow ownership. the or rules non-consumer Exhibit of this Buses, License "Incompatible unless for verbatim suchWith usesSe co r epresent pying condary ofLicenses" the only each of the significant Notice documents --------------------------------------------------------mode in all of other use ofrespects. the product. You may "Installation extract a single Information" document This forSource from a User such Code Product a Form collection, means is "Inco any a nd mpatible methods, distribute With procedures, it individually Secondary authorization Licenses", underas keys, this defined License, or other by the provided information Mozilla you Public required insert License, a copy to install of 2.0. v. this and License Apache execute License into modified the Version extracted versions 2.0,d of a covered ocument, January 2004 and http://www.apache.org/licenses/ work inthis follow thatLicense User Product in allfrom other aTERMS modified respects AND CONDITIONS version ofverbatim regarding its USE, FOR Corresponding copying REPRODUCTION, ofSource. thatAND document. The DISTRIBUTION information 7. AGGREGATIO 1.must Defi suffice N nitions. WITH INDEPENDENT to "License" ensure that WORKS shall the A compilation mean continued the terms functioning of and the conditions Document of thefor or modified its use, derivatives reproduction, object code with is and other indistribution noseparate case prevented and as defined independent or interfere by Sect doc d with uments ions 1 through solely or works, because 9 of in this ormodification ondocument. a volume "Licensor" hasabeen of storage made. shall orIf distribution mean you the convey copyright an object medium, owner iscode called orwork entity anunder "aggregate" authorized this section if bythe the in, copyright copyrigh or wit h, t resulting owner or specifically that from is granting thefor compilation use the in, License. ais User not"Legal Product, used to Entity" and the limit the shall conveying legal meanrights the occurs union ofas the of part compilation's the of acting a transaction entity users and inall beyond which other what theenti the rig ht ofthat individual ties possession control, works permit. and are use controlled of the When the User Document by, Product or are isunder is included transferred common in control anto aggregate, thewith recipient that thisentity. in perpetuity License For does the not or purposes for a to apply fixed ofthe this term other defi (r egardless works nition, in"control" the of aggregate how the means transaction which (i) the arepower, is characterized), not themselves direct orderivative indirect, the Corresponding works to cause of the Source Document. direction conveyed If management or the under Cover this Text of section such requirement entity, must bew o accompanied f hether section by contract 3 is by applicable the or Installation otherwise, to these Information. orcopies (ii) ownership of the But Document, this of fifty requirement then percent ifdoes the (50%) notor Document apply more is if of less neither thethan outstanding you onenor half any shares, ofthird the or enti par ( ty aggregate, re iii) retains beneficial thethe ability ownership Document's to of install Coverentity. such modified Texts may "You" object be (or placed code "Your") on covers the shall User that mean Product bracket an individual (for the example, Document or Legal the within work Entity hasexercising the been instal aggregate, p ledthe or ermissions in electronic ROM). granted The requirement equivalent by this License. to covers of provide "Source" if Installation theform Document shall Information is mean in the electronic does not preferred form. include form Otherwise for a making requirement they modifications, must toappear continue on includi to pr print ovide ed ng covers but support notthat limited service, bracket to software warranty, the whole source or updates aggregate. code, documentation forTRANSLATION 8. a work that source, Translation has been andmodified configuration is considered or installed files. a kind"Object" by ofthe modification, recipient, form shall orme so f y or any ou an the form may User resulting distribute Product translations infrom which mechanical itof has the been Document transformation modified under or or installed. the translation terms of Access section of a toSource a network 4. Replacing form, may including Invariant be denied but Sections when notthe limited with modifi tr t cation anslations o compiled itself requires object materially code, special generated andpermission adversely documentation, affects from their the and copyright operation conversions holders, of the to other network but you media or may violates types. include "Work" the translations rules shall and mean protocols of somework the orf or all ofcommunication Invariant Sections authorship, whether acrossin the in addition Source network. or toObject Corresponding the original form, made Source versions available conveyed, of these under and Invariant the Installation License, Sections. as Information indicated You may by provided, include a copyright a transl in acc n ord with ation otice of this that is included section must License, andor in beattached all in the a license format to the that notices work is (an publicly in example the Document, documented is provided and (and any in with Warranty thean Appendix implementation Disclaimers, below). "Derivative availablethat provided toWor th y e public ou ks" also shall include in mean source any thework, code original form), whether English and inmust Source version require orof Object no special this License form, password that andis the based or original key onfor (or versions unpacking, derivedof from) reading those the notices or copying. Work and andfor discl 7. wh Additional aimers. ich the editorial In case Terms. ofrevisions, "Additional a disagreement annotations, permissions" between elaborations, the aretranslation terms that orand supplement other themodifications original the terms version of this represent, of this License as License a whole, by making or an a notice exceptio original or ns disclaimer, work from ofone authorship. or the more original of For its the version conditions. purposes willof Additional prevail. this License, Ifpermissions a section Derivative in that the Works are Document applicable shallis not Entitled to the "Acknowledgements", include entire works that Program remain shall separ "Ded be treated ications", able from, as or though "History", merely they link were the (or included requirement bind byin name) this (section to License, the4) interfaces to toPreserve the extent of,its the that Title Work they (section and are Derivative valid 1) will under Works typically applicable thereof. require law. cha "Contrib If additional nging ution" the shall actual permissions meantitle. any work apply 9. of TERMINATION only authorship, to part Youincluding of may the not Program, copy, the original modify, that part sublicense, version may be ofused the or Work separately distribute and any under the modifications Document those permission except or add as s, itions expressly but to thethat entire provided Work Program under or Derivative remains this License. governed Works Anyby thereof, attempt this that License otherwise is intentionally without to copy, regard modify, submitted to the sublicense, additional to Licensor or permissions. for distribute inclusion When it in isthe you vo id, convey Work and bywill athe copy automatically copyright of a covered owner terminate work, or byyou anyour may rights individual at youror under option Legal this remove Entity License. any authorized additional However, toif permissions submit you cease on behalf fromviolation all that of the copy, copyright ofor this fro m any part License, owner. For then of your the it. purposes (Additional license of this from permissions a particular definition, may "submitted" copyright be written holder means to require is reinstated any form their of electronic, own (a) removal provisionally, in certain verbal, or unless casesand written when communic until you t m odify he ation copyright the work.) sent toholder theYou Licensor explicitly may place or its additional and representatives, finallypermissions terminates including on material, your license, but not added and limited (b) by permanently, you to communication to a covered if the work, oncopyright electronic for which holder maili you have fails ng lists, or tocan notify source giveyou appropriate code ofcontrol the violation copyright systems, byand permission. some issue reasonable tracking Notwithstanding means systems prior that any to are other 60 days managed provision after by, the ofcessation. or this on behalf License, Moreover, of, for Licen the mater you ial r sor license you the for add from to a particular purpose covered of discussing work, copyright youand mayimproving holder (if authorized is the reinstated Work, by the but permanently copyright excludingif holders communication the copyright of thatthat material) holder is conspicuously notifies supplement you marke theth of t erms e d violation or of thisby otherwise License some reasonable designated with in terms: writing means, a) Disclaiming by this theis copyright the warranty first owner time or as limiting you "Not have aliability received notice Contribution." differently "Contributor" of violation from theshall of terms this mean of Licens sect Lic ions e ensor (for 15 and any and any work) 16individual offrom thisthat License; orcopyright Legal orEntity b)holder, Requiring on behalf andpreservation you ofcure whomthe a Contribution of violation specified prior reasonable has to 30received been days legal after notices by Licensor youror receipt author and subse of attr th ibutions e quently notice. incorporated in Termination that material within of your orthe in rights the Appropriate Work. under 2. Grant thisof Legal section Copyright Notices doesLicense. not displayed terminate Subject by the works tolicenses the containing terms ofand parties it; conditions or who c) Prohibiting have of this recei ved License, misrepresentation copies each or Contributor rights offrom the hereby origin you under of this grants thatto material, License. You a perpetual, If oryour requiring rights worldwide, that havemodified been non-exclusive, terminated versionsno-charge, and of not suchpermanently material royalty-free, bereinsta marked ir ted, revocable in reasonable receipt copyright ofways a copy as of license different some to reproduce, orfrom all of thethe original prepare same Derivative material version;does or Works d) not Limiting of, give publicly you the any use display, rights for publicity to publicly use it. purposes perform, 10. FUTURE of sublic name REV Itleft I Il pleuvait was the station raining suron lathe in st gare, th eil ation, pouring pleuvait it was rain, sur raining nobody mes mai on w aved ns, my hands, personne and nobody nobody pour came. me say to dir Th egoodbye clock au revoir, above to me, personne the nobody platfo su o rmthe r n le had quai, platform, stopped rien. at nothing. La ten gran to de four. The horloge big I clock counted était was every arrêtée stopp w indow , ed, quatre ten ofminutes the town heures moins to Ifour, woul di dn't x, and etI see je was nocounting comptais more. les Don't the fe tell med'une nêtres windows where of a town ville the I road que wasj g oes, e leaving quittais don't without tell a sans mecry. un whatD cri. itnot Ne o costs. me demande ask Don't me where pas tell où I am me je where ne vais, going, the dome road not demande ask goes, mepas I a why lready pourquoi. . Do not know ask NeI'm me where lost. I demande Do n'tgoing, pas am tell où jeme vais, I where do not jethe ne le know ro ad it sais goes, myself pasdon't moi non either. tell plus. Do me not w hat Ne ask me it me demande costs. where I Don't pas amoù going tell je vais, , me dowhere not ne ask me the demande me road why. goes, pas Do pourquoi. not I already ask meNe know where me demande I'm I am lost go . Myoù pas ing, father I je not do vais, worked know je it themy ne le r iver self saiseither. and pasmy moi mother My non father plus. worke w d the Mon as of père line, the était river they du and never fleuve my m a sked other et ma me of mère once thede what factory, l'usine, I was th doing ils ey never newith m'ont asked myjamais time. me what AndI dema when ndé wasce I que doing saidwith je I'm faisais leaving, my days. de theyon mes And jours. just thenodded Et le soir evening atof the d t ufloor, he départ departure and ilsmy ont they PRESQUE TOUT JAUNE Photographies 2025 Alors que les images nous ont habitués à nous montrer la réalité, voilà qu’elles peuvent nous mentir, nous tromper. Même si désormais nous ne sommes plus dupes et que nous savons que de telles manipulations sont à l’œuvre, nous avons tendance, par habitude, à faire confiance aux images, comme un miroir qui refléterait le réel, sans déformation. Ici c’est en réponse à la proposition d’investir ces têtes de piliers qu’un jeu entre ce statut changeant de l’image et les codes de la tradition du statuaire s’opère. Des images comme des statues. Les photographies s’installent comme des décors, des fragments extraits d’un monde presque comme le notre. 5

6 WARP Photographie 24*34 cm 2025 Une image légèrement tirée vers le bas, comme glissée hors de son propre cadre. La photographie est déformée numériquement, puis encadrée avec un passe-vue réalisé sur mesure, qui épouse cette torsion. Le geste est minime, mais il crée une tension physique : l’image vacille, échappe à son statut, à la fois contenue et déplacée, tirée vers ailleurs. L’œuvre ouvre une bréche entre l’image numérique et sa physicalité imprimée. (série en construction) 7

0O0O 0O0O Acier chauffé 120*80cm 2024 Perspective de travail Le hasard, l’accident, j’y prête attention, je m’y retrouve. Oo0o 0o0o explore la notion d’infini et la rencontre entre l’aléatoire et le structuré. Composée de formes ovales entrelacées, elle évoque des cycles sans fin et les reflets de lumière changeant . Chaque pièce d’acier, chauffée à la flamme par sa face arrière, présente une palette unique de couleurs : bleu profond, brun chaud, gris doux et autres pourpres. Le résultat d’un processus de coloration aussi imprévisible que fugace. Ce jeu de teintes oscille entre abstraction et matérialité. Cette dualité entre maîtrise et hasard évoque la photographie elle-même : écrire avec la lumière et capturer l’instant dans un cadre perpétuellement en mouvement. Par hasard, donc, j’ai fait étape à Chalon-sur-Saône. Une coïncidence géographique, étape vers une destination arbitraire et légèrement improvisée pour les vacances. On regarde ce qu’il est possible d’y faire. Un musée de la photo, super, on ira. En voiture pour la Bourgogne. Est-il bien ouvert demain ce musée ? C’est quoi son nom déjà ? Nicéphore Niépce. Dans ma relative connaissance de l’histoire de la photographie, je n’avais jamais vraiment fait retenu où se situait le Gras, à Saint-Loups-de-Varennes; à quelques kilomètres dudit musée. On ira aussi, c’est sûr. J’ai plusieurs fois fait référence dans mon travail à cette image, au point de vue, au Gras. À tout ce que cette découverte a de fascinant. À son opération bouleversante sur l’histoire et la création. C’est au cœur de mes questionnements. En particulier la magie de l’apparition de l’image, la fameuse image latente, celle qu’on espère. Celle qui s’imprime dans l’esprit de l’opérateur avant de disparaitre au profit de l’image capturée, la vraie. Cette dernière peut décevoir. Je ne pense pas que Nicéphore fût déçu, lui. Alors, au Gras, on y va, c’est aujourd’hui un musée. On le visite, mais pas comme on voudrait. La visite est guidée. Il paraît que c’est pour préserver le musée. C’est un peu expéditif vu le nombre d’objets qui remplissent les étagères des pièces en enfilade. Mais surtout, on n’a pas le droit de photographier. Rien. C’est dit avant la visite, en introduction d’une vidéo de présentation. Stupéfaction, déception : je voulais mon Point de vue du Gras. Apparemment, je ne suis pas le premier, des scientifiques ont très méticuleusement essayé. Impossible. La fenêtre a été déplacée, le point de vue n’existe plus. Pas de vue du Gras. En produisant OoOo oOoO, par accident, je découvre que je peux enlever toute trace colorée du passage de la chaleur à l’aide d’acide chlorhydrique. Je peux donc dessiner en négatif sur mes plaques incendiées, je peux aussi gratter cette couche et souligner ses contrastes. L’idée est là. Créer des tirages photographiques en utilisant l’acide comme encre, des plaques d’acier chauffées comme support. J’imagine de grands formats, uniques. Je veux représenter des images mentales, latentes ou manquantes, des déceptions. Plusieurs pistes sont à explorer pour la création des images : l’archive, le code, la prise de vue... Un travail d’enquête est à mener, dans l’histoire de la photographie, dans la mienne. 8 9

ASCENSEUR, ensemble de photographies mobile. Série en cours, 2022 - .... Dans la porte texturée d’un ascenseur, un reflet contrarié se déconstruit en une composition de formes et de couleurs. Ces images pastichent une pratique courante des réseaux sociaux qui consiste à se prendre en photo dans la glace de l’ascenseur, souvent pour mettre sa tenue en valeur et publier cette image immédiatement. Dans cette série protocolaire, une photo dans l’ascenseur du lieu d’un rendez-vous hebdomadaire, les couleurs émergent au hasard des saisons et des humeurs, transformant un moment banal en une expérimentation visuelle. Fragmentaire par nature, cette série questionne notre quête de représentation dans un monde où l’image, bien qu’omniprésente, échappe constamment à son propre cadre. À mi-chemin entre portrait et abstraction, ce geste répété et son résultat questionnent le statut du selfie par le biais de son décalage avec la représentation attendue. 10 ALBUS Photographie 2019-2025 La couleur est au centre de mes préoccupations depuis que j’ai engagé un travail plastique, sûrement même depuis plus longtemps. Inexorablement, elle revient, et souvent sous ses formes les plus simples. Je trouve dans les couleurs primaires une beauté et une simplicité dont je ne me lasse pas. J’aime qu’elles véhiculent en elles un potentiel infini, qu’elles soient la pierre angulaire de toute image. Ce potentiel, je m’efforce de le prospecter. En latin, Albus signifie blanc. Le projet consiste à créer une installation totalement blanche composée de volumes divers construits pour l’occasion. Cette installation a deux vocations : Servir de sujet pour une série de photographies et également constituer en elle-même l’exposition. Là où le projet prend vraiment corps, c’est dans le traitement apporté à ces images ; elles ne sont pas blanches. Elles subissent un traitement numérique qui a pour effet de leur attribuer de la couleur. C’est de vraisemblable dont il s’agit. À quel point peut-on faire confiance à une photographie ? Son cadrage, sa colorimétrie et le contexte dans lequel elle est à voir sont autant de facteurs qui induisent sur ce qu’elle véhicule. Une fois traitées, les photographies sont montrées au sein du dispositif où elles ont été produites. Ainsi, elles créent un jeu de piste entre l’image et son sujet. Constitués de bois brut et de Placoplatre, les volumes blancs se modifieront au fil du temps de l’exposition, devenant moins parfaits, s’usant, se dilatant, se fendant. Contrairement à la trace, image qui, elle, demeurera impeccable. Il est donc aussi question de temps. C’est finalement plus de photographie que de couleur dont parle ce projet. Alors que les images nous ont habitués à nous montrer la réalité, voilà qu’elles peuvent nous mentir, nous tromper. Même si désormais nous ne sommes plus dupes et que nous savons que de telles manipulations sont à l’œuvre, nous avons tendance, par habitude, à faire confiance aux images, comme un miroir qui refléterait le réel, sans déformation. Le vraisemblable nous suffit. 11

PALIMPSESTE impression photographique sur bois 2021 Palimpseste explore l’intégration d’un format d’affichage monumental de 4 x 3 mètres dans la limite spatiale d’une salle d’exposition. La taille imposante de l’image entre en tension avec l’espace réduit. Cette contrainte spatiale agit sur la perception de l’image en jouant avec les frontières entre motif et matière. L’image des épicéas s’entremêle avec la texture même du bois utilisé comme support. Cette superposition donne lieu à une sorte d’image hybride, où le spectateur peine à distinguer le motif imprimé de la matière qui le porte. Le regard oscille entre reconnaissance et confusion, interpellé par la double présence de l’épicéa, à la fois sujet de l’image et matière tangible du support. 12 PRESQUE TOUT ROSE Exposition personnelle 2018 L’exposition Presque Tout Rose fait suite à une résidence de création d’une quinzaine de jours dans l’espace de Maison Vide, lieu d’art installé à Crugny, commune proche de Reims. Il a été décidé assez tôt dans le processus de création que la couleur rose serait centrale et presque omniprésente dans la conception de cette exposition. Ce choix s’explique par l’envie que j’ai depuis un moment de réaliser une suite d’expositions qui choisiraient une couleur à explorer pour chacune d’entre elles. Celle-ci est la pierre angulaire de ce projet, rose donc. Cette série va toujours dans le sens de la création protocolaire qui me permet de me concentrer sur les gestes et les formes tout en évacuant toute tentative de conceptualisation lors du faire. J’y ai aussi confirmé mon intérêt pour les matériaux de construction et les techniques du bâtiment qu’il me plaît de détourner dans des constructions contemplatives et éphémères. On y trouvera une sculpture en Placoplatre qui est totalement démesurée pour l’espace qu’elle occupe, le spectateur peut à peine se déplacer autour et en aucun cas ne peut avoir une vue d’ensemble de l’objet. La forme de la sculpture reprend des formes classiques d’ossatures de construction, piliers, poutres, croix mais ne supporte pourtant rien. Le volume est enduit de la même manière que s’il était destiné à accueillir de la peinture, comme c’est le cas des murs en Placo dans les constructions modernes. Là où se situe la différence c’est que l’enduit est préalablement teinté de magenta. Suite à cette opération l’ensemble est poncé, toujours avec la volonté de lisser la surface, pas de contrôler le rendu plastique. Une série de peintures au vernis coloré préfigure de cette construction, elles pourraient être considérées comme des plans abstraits de la sculpture qu’elles accompagnent. Une boîte est également présente, close, on peut toutefois voir ce qu’elle contient grâce à un œil de bœuf. On y découvre alors une sculpture, la vision modifiée par les lentilles du judas rend difficile d’imaginer l’échelle de ce qui est à voir. Cette œuvre a plusieurs statuts, elle fait office de maquette mais également de sculpture en elle-même. 13

14 15

MÉTAMÈRE Exposition personnelle 2018 Extrait de la notice de l’exposition: Deux couleurs métamères sont deux lumières visibles dont le spectre physique est différent, mais que la vision humaine ne différencie pas. Thibaut Bellière s’intéresse à la manière dont une image apparaît, à ce qui fait image. Sa pratique prend appui sur un usage et une observation patiente et attentive des matériaux qu’il utilise, de leur façon de s’agencer ou de se transformer lorsqu’on les soumet à des gestes simples et pratiques (chauffer, poncer, colorer, peindre, découper…). Il explore leur potentiel propre d’un point de vue formel et dynamique, réagissant de manière expérimentale et intuitive aux métamorphoses simples qui adviennent devant lui avec une part d’aléatoire et d’inattendu parfois. Il révèle puis organise ces « images dormantes » contenues dans la matière, tenant compte de l’espace qui les accueille Ainsi, pour la restitution de ce temps de résidence à l’Artothèque, l’artiste investit l’espace projet, jouant de la singularité architecturale du lieu pour mettre en tension et en dialogue plusieurs propositions. Reliant les deux piliers centraux, l’artiste, épaulé du collectif Manœuvre, a construit une cimaise en Placoplatre, colorée par un enduit de lissage jaune et maintenue en place grâce à un jeu de tension obtenue par inclinaison. Volume habitant pleinement l’espace, il n’est le support d’aucune image mais se revendique comme une sculpture en soi et vient interagir avec les autres propositions. C’est aussi un élément de Triptyque (acier/cyan, bois/magenta, plâtre/jaune) où chaque geste appliqué aux supports révèle motifs et couleurs en lien avec les usages des matériaux. Au fond de la pièce, Palimpseste (impression sur bois) est l’exploration du format d’affichage 4m x 3m dans l’espace restreint de la salle d’exposition. Sans le recul nécessaire, l’image des arbres (des épicéas), le motif et la matière bois épicéas tendent à créer une image hybride où notre perception est perturbée peut-être autant que complétée par le motif du support. 16 17

18 SYNTHÈSE Installation 2018 Cette installation porte en elle un mystère et une simplicité radicale, un assemblage de cadres de lumière, représentant les couleurs primaires qui préfigure d’un potentiel pictural, d’images dormantes. 19

20 SPECTRES Installation 2016 Bien que toutes différentes, les images photographiques sont composées des mêmes attributs : couleurs, lignes, lumières. Spectres est une représentation métaphorique de tout ce qui fait l’image photographique, tout est là. Les éléments sont posés, mobiles, sans ordre fixe. Le spectateur devient opérateur et appareil. L’image n’existe que dans son regard. Au gré des lieux où elle est montrée l’installation est changeante, les éléments sont disposés arbitrairement, de manière à ce qu’ils se supportent eux-mêmes. 21

22 MANŒUVRE Membres fondateurs.ices : Murielle Andrès - Graphiste & illustratrice Manœuvre est un laboratoire de recherche plastique, un atelier de production et de création. Il est autogéré depuis 2016 par un collectif d’artistes issu.e.s en grande majorité de l’École Supérieure d’Arts et Médias de Caen. Angèle Bari - Assistante administrative pour les artistes-auteur.ice.s Le partage est la valeur fondatrice de Manœuvre : le partage quotidien d'espaces, de connaissances, de compétences et de matériel. Cette identité témoigne de la capacité d’écoute et de l’engagement de tous les membres du collectif autour de valeurs communes. Un des socles de notre association est la volonté de proposer des solutions professionnelles, efficaces et économiquement réalistes aux créateurs que nous accueillons ainsi qu'aux partenaires avec qui nous travaillons. En tant qu’association culturelle, Manœuvre propose des projets d’expositions, interventions artistiques et œuvres collectives. Véritable levier à la création pour ses membres, c’est aussi un organe de production orienté vers les autres : artistes indépendants, institutions et structures culturelles. Entre espace alternatif et structure institutionnelle, Manœuvre bénéficie désormais d’une position singulière dans le paysage culturel local. L’ensemble de ses membres est déterminé à étendre les champs d’action du collectif et à faire rayonner le projet sur l’ensemble de la Région Normandie et d'avantage. En l'espace de dix ans, nous avons su nous organiser efficacement et créer un espace de production artistique aux capacités peu égalées régionalement. Nous avons été en capacité de produire plusieurs œuvres ambitieuses comme Polaris (Manœuvre, commande de la Ville de Caen) ou Palinopsie (Fleur Helluin, production dans le cadre de Mondes Nouveaux) ou plus récemment Tank (Festival Interstice 2024) ou encore l'œuvre I WILL RUN d'Elvire Bonduelle dans le cadre du Millénaire de la Ville de Caen. Plus récemment, nous avons construit l’œuvre Envolé de Céleste Boursier-Mougenot pour le compte du Frac Normandie dans le cadre de Normandie Impressioniste 2026. Romain Lepage - Plasticien Léna Delalandre - Photographe & plasticienne Thibaut Bellière - Plasticien Jean-François Herpin - Plasticien & dessinateur Mathieu Lion - Photographe & vidéaste Benoît Razafindramonta - Plasticien Résident.e.s permanent.e.s de l'atelier: Médéric Jeanne-Plasticien & charpentier Quentin Riel - Designer pluridisciplinaire Manuel Passard - Plasticien François Lehérissier - Graphiste & Imprimeur Typographe Océane Jean - Ébéniste Lorène Plé - Plasticienne Alexis Choplain - Plasticien Atelier Anémone - Céramiste Bliks - Imprimeuse / graphiste Pierre Barraud - Plasticien Résident.e.s ésam starter 2026: Antonin Popelin - Plasticien Elodie Coudray - Plasticienne Notre positionnement nous permet également de nous placer en soutien des structures et artistes locaux, par de la prestation ou de l’accueil dans nos ateliers équipés professionnellement. Fort de ses expériences, Manœuvre a développé de solides collaborations avec ses partenaires normands que le collectif assiste régulièrement dans la mise en œuvre d’événements culturels, à travers des réponses précises, concrètes, conviviales et professionnelles. 2 3 23

SÉLÉCTION DE CRÉATION ET RÉALISATION Conception et réalisation de l'oeuvre Envolé de l'artiste Céleste Boursier Mougenot. Production délégué pour Frac Normandie - Normandie Impressionite. 2026 24 25

Conception et réalisation de l'œuvre IRON WILLde l'artiste Elvire Bonduelle. Millénaire de la Ville de Caen. Photographie: Cécile Schuhmann - Musée des beaux arts 26 TANK, ]Interstice[ °18, le Sépulcre, Coopérative chorégraphique, Caen. Création In-Situ, programmation. 27

28 22 POLARIS 29

L’œuvre d’art créée par Manœuvre, pensée en réponse à l’appel d’offre publié par la mairie de Caen, est une sculpture, inspirée des différentes cultures nordiques et normandes. À la manière d’un totem cette sculpture figure la rencontre entre ces deux identités ; un lieu de réunion ouvert sur le monde. Le patrimoine, l’histoire, les différents paysages et différents mouvements météorologiques sont autant de notions qui nous ont influencées et que avons intégrées à notre projet. Il en résulte une forme allégorique, symbole des liens entre Caen et ces pays. Située sur la pointe du port de plaisance de Caen, face à la voie maritime que les « North Men » empruntaient déjà, Polaris est pensée comme une forme-emblème qui ouvre une trajectoire entre la Normandie et les pays nordiques. Imaginée comme un élément identifiable et reconnaissable dans le paysage urbain de la Presqu’île, elle est dessinée en s’axant sur trois grandes idées : une architecture en coupole, l’utilisation de surfaces translucides colorées offrant un jeu de lumières, et enfin des assises qui favorisent l’accueil du public. De ces trois principes éclot un objet sculptural usuel et contemplatif. Sa philosophie est issue de l’idéologie architecturale nordique dont minimalisme, rationalité et considération de l’usager sont les piliers. Ces trois notions véhiculent autant d’images et d’idées propres aux pays nordiques : la mer et l’exploration maritime, le phénomène des Aurores Boréales ou encore l’architecture traditionnelle et vernaculaire. Sculpture utile, tant abri que lieu de rassemblement, cette forme se veut en adéquation avec les valeurs propres à Manœuvre : penser une œuvre que le public pourra s’approprier et faire exister. 30 Thibaut Bellière 2026